Most Wanted Inorganic Chemistry for JEE and NEET: 10+ Tricks

This post is a comprehensive document that covers essential tricks in inorganic chemistry for JEE and NEET exams. This resource provides a tricks to learn key concepts and principles in the subject. Students preparing for these exams get benefit greatly from this comprehensive guide.

Electrochemical Series

Element	Trick	Electrode Reaction (Reduction)	Standard Electrode Reduction Potential E° (in volt)
Li	Like	Li+ + e– → Li	-3.05
K	Kareena	K+ + e– → K	-2.925
Ca	Can	Ca2+ + 2e– → Ca	-2.87
Na	Not	Na+ + e– → Na	-2.714
Mg	Memorize	Mg2+ + 2e– → Mg	-2.37
Al	All	Al3+ + 3e– → Al	-1.66
Zn	Zoology	Zn2+ + 2e– → Zn	-0.7628
Cr	–	Cr3+ + 3e– → Cr	-0.74
Fe	Important	Fe2+ + 2e– → Fe	-0.44
Cd	Concepts	Cd2+ + 2e– → Cd	-0.403
Ni	No	Ni+ + 2e– → Ni	-0.25
Sn	Student	Sn2+ + 2e– → Sn	-0.14
H2	Has	2H+ + 2e– → H2	0.00 (Standard)
Cu	Complete	Cu2+ + 2e– → Cu	+0.337
I2	Information of	I2 + 2e– → 2I–	+0.535
Ag	Silver	Ag+ + e– → Ag	+0.799
Hg	Mercury	Hg2+ + 2e– → Hg	+0.885
Br2	Because	Br2 + 2e– → 2Br–	+1.08
Cl2	Chemistry	Cl2 + 2e– → 2Cl–	+1.36
Au	–	Au3+ + 3e– → Au	+1.50
F2	Flows	F2 + 2e– → 2F–	+2.87

Trick: Like Kareena Can Not Memorize All Zoology Important Concepts, No student Has Complete Information in Silver Mercury Because Chemistry Flows

Amphoteric Oxides

ZnO, Al₂O₃, BeO, Cr₂O₃, Ga₂O₃, PbO, SnO

Trick: जनाबे अली ने बेकार गाया पंजाबी गाना (song)

Acidic Radicals

Dilute acid group: HCO₃^–, CO₃^2-, CH₃COO^–, NO₂^–, S₂O₃^2-, SO₃^2-, S^2-

Concentrated acid group: Cl^–, Br^–, I^–, NO₃^–, C₂O₄^2-, BO₃^3-, F^–

Special group: SO₄^2-, PO₄^3-, MnO₄^–, CrO₄^2-, Cr₂O₇^2-

Basic Radicals

Group	Radicals
Zero	NH4+
I	Ag+, Hg22+, Pb2+
II A	Hg2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, Cd2+, Bi3+
II B	As3+, Sb3+, Sn2+, Sn4+
III	Fe3+, Cr3+, Al3+
IV	Mn2+, Co2+. Ni2+, Zn2+
V	Ba2+, Sr2+, Ca2+
VI	Na+, K+, Mg2+

Sulphides of II A group is not soluble in yellow ammonium sulphide whereas sulphides of II B are soluble in yellow ammonium sulphide.

n-factor of KMnO₄ in different medium

Medium	n-factor
Basic	1
Neutral	3
Acidic	5

Bases stronger than Hydroxide ion

Ion Formula/Name	Trick
H–/Hydride	H
O2-/Oxide	O
O22-/Peroxide	Pe
O2–/Superoxide	SO (HOPe SO)
N3-/Nitride	News
P3-/Phosphide	Paper
As3-/Arsenide	Aaj
Sb3-/Stebenide	Sub
Bi3-/Bismuthide	Bikega
NH2-/Imide	India
NH2–/Amide	Australia mein

Complex compounds to remember

1. Na₃[Ag(S₂O₃)₂]
2. Na₄[Cu₆(S₂O₃)₅]
3. Na₃[Bi(S₂O₃)₃]

Exceptions of Chromyl Chloride Test

Ions	Ag+	Cu22+	Hg22+	Sn4+	Pb4+
Trick	आज	क्यों	होगा	सुनहरा	पल

Reaction of Metals with Nitric Acid

Following metals become passive with nitric acid:

Metals	Fe	Co	Ni	Cr	Al
Trick	फे	को	नहीं	करारे	आलू

Following metals will give NH₄NO₃ on reaction with dilute and very dilute nitric acid:

Metals	Zn	Sn	Mg	Fe	Mn
Trick	जन	संघ	मांगे	फे	मीना

Following metals will give H2 gas on reaction with concentrated nitrile acid:

Metals	Mn	Mg
Trick	मन	मांगे

Test for Co²⁺ ion

Reaction	Complex
CoO + ZnO → CoO.ZnO	Rinmann’s Green
CoO + MgO → CoO.MgO	Cobalt Pink
CoO + Al2O3 → CoO.Al2O3	Thenard Blue
CoO + SnO → CoO.SnO	Cobalt Green

Metals and Its Occurence

Metal	Occurence
Lithium	Spodumene LiAlSi2O6 Lepidolite (Li, Na, K)2Al2(SiO3)3.(F, OH)
Sodium	Rock salt NaCl Feldspar Na3AlSiO8
Magnesium	Carnallite KCl.MgCl2.6H2O Magnesite MgCO3
Calcium	Lime stone CaCO3 Dolomite MgCO3.CaCO3 Gypsum CaSO4.2H2O
Copper	Copper pyrite CuFeS2 Cuprite Cu2O Melachite CuCO3.Cu(OH)2
Aluminium	Bauxite Al2O3.2H2O Cryolite Na3AlF6 Alumino silicates
Zinc	Zinc blende or Sphalerite ZnS Calamine ZnCO3
Lead	Galena PbS
Tin	Cassiterite SnO2
Silver	Argentite Ag2S Hornsilver AgCl
Gold	Native, small amount in mangnese ores such as those of Cu and Ag
Chromium	Chromite Cr2O3.FeO

Trick to Learn Periodic Table

Visit here: Best Tricks to Remember Periodic Table | English & Hindi

Famous Process and Related Metals

Process	Related Metal
Poling	Cu, Sn
Parkes process	Ag
Pattinson process	Ag
Cupellation process	Ag
Baeyer’s process	Al
Serpek’s process	Al
Hall’s process	Al
Siemen’s Martins open hearth process	Fe
Bessemer’s process	Fe

Ore – Chemical Formula and its Name

Chemical Formula of Ore	Name of Ore
ZnO	Zincite
Fe2O3	Haematite
Fe3O4	Magnetite
Al2O3.2H2O	Bauxite
Fe2O3.3H2O	Limonite
Cu2O	Cuprite or Ruby copper
MnO2	Pyrolusite
SnO2	Tinstone or Casseterite
TiO2	Rutile
FeCr2O4 (FeO + Cr2O3)	Chromite
Na2B4O7.10H2O	Borax or Tincal
Ca2B6O11.5H2O	Colemanite
U3Ox	Pitch Blende
FeO.TiO2	Ilmenite
PbS	Galena
HgS	Cinnabar
ZnS	Zinc blende or Sphalerite
Cu2S	Copper glance or Chalcocite
CuFeS2	Copper pyrite or Chalcopyrite
FeS2	Iron pyrite or Fool’s gold
Ag2S	Silver glance or Argentite
NaCl	Rock salt
KCl	Sylvine
CaF2	Fluorspar
Na3AlF6	Cryolite
AgCl	Horn Silver
KCl.MgCl2.6H2O	Carnalite
Cu2Cl(OH)3	Atacamite
CaCO3	Limestone
MgCO3	Magnesite
CaCO3.MgCO3	Dolomite
FeCO3	Siderite
ZnCO3	Calamine
Cu(OH)2.CuCO3 or Cu2(OH)2CO3	Malachite or Basic Copper carbonate
Cu(OH)2.2CuCO3	Azurite
PbCO3	Cerrusite
CaSO4.2H2O	Gypsum
MgSO4.7H2O	Epsom salt
PbSO4	Anglesite
BaSO4	Baryte
Na2SO4.10H2O	Glauber salt
CuSO4.5H2O	Chalcanthite
KNO3	Indian Salt Peter
NaNO3	Chile Salt Peter

Metals in Living Entities

(a) Magnesium is found in chlorophyll.

(b) Potassium is present in plant roots.

(c) Manganese, Iron and Copper are present in chloroplast.

(d) Zinc is present in eyes of cats and cows.

(e) Iron is present in haemoglobin.

(f) Calcium is present in bones.

(g) Vanadium is present in cucumber.

(h) Chromium is present in prawn.

(i) Cobalt is present in cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12).

Alloys and their composition

Alloy	Percentage Composition	Uses
Magnelium	Al: 98%, Mg: 2%	Making balance
Duralumin	Al: 95%, Cu: 4%, Mg: 0.5%, Mn: 0.5%	Aircraft parts, Boat machinery
Aluminium bronze	Al: 10%, Cu: 90%	Making coins, photo frames, utensils, golden paints
Alnico	Al: 20%, Ni: 20%, Co: 10%, Steel: 50%	Permanent magnet
γ-Alloy	Al: 92%, Cu: 4%, Mg: 1.5%, Ni: 2.5%	Pistons and machine parts
Nickeloy	Al: 95%, Cu: 4%, Ni: 1%	Aircraft parts
Pewter	Pb: 20%, Sn: 80%	Utensils
Solder	Pb: 50%, Sn: 50%	Soldering
Type metal	Pb: 75%, Sn: 5%, Sb: 20%	Printing type
Bell metal	Cu: 80%, Sn: 20%	Making bells
Babbit metal	Sn: 90%, Sb: 7%, Cu: 3%	Bearing of machinery
Frary metal	Pb: 97%, Ba: 2%, Ca: 1%	Bearing of machine
Lino type metal	Pb: 83%, Sn: 3%, Sb: 14%	Printing type
Brass	Cu: 70%, Zn: 30%	Utensils
Bronze	Cu: 88-96%, Sn: 4-12%	Utensils, Coins, Statues
Monel metal	Cu: 27%, Ni: 68%, Fe: 5%	Making pumps, turbines of ships, boilers, etc.
German silver	Cu: 50%, Zn: 30%, Ni: 20%	Flower vase and ornaments
Electron	Mg: 95%, Zn: 4.5%, Cu: 0.5%	Parts of aeroplane and motor cars
Dutch metal	Cu: 80%, Zn: 20%	Golden yellow colour used for decorative purpose
Nichrome	Ni, Cr, Fe
Gun metal	Cu: 87%, Zn: 3%, Sn: 10%
Constantan	Cu: 60%, Ni: 40%
Artificial Gold	Cu: 90%, Al: 10%
14 Carat Gold	Au: 54%, Ag: 14-30%, Cu: 12-28%
24 Carat Gold	Au: 100%

Important Compounds with Their Formulae

Name of the Compound	Formula of the Compound
Epsom salt	MgSO4.7H2O
Gypsum salt	CaSO4.2H2O
Glauber’s salt	Na2SO4.10H2O
Lime water or Slaked lime	Ca(OH)2
Quick lime	CaO
Washing soda	Na2CO3.10H2O
Crystal carbonate	Na2CO3.H2O
Soda ash	Na2CO3
Baking soda	NaHCO3
Turn Bull’s blue	Fe3[Fe(CN)6]2
Chile salt petre	NaNO3
Indian salt petre or Nitre ot Chemical refrigerant	KNO3
Brine or Table salt ot Rock salt	NaCl
Potash ash or Pearl ash	K2CO3
Norwegian salt petre	Ca(NO3)2
Salt cake	K2SO4
Carnallite	KCl.MgCl2.6H2O
Hypo	Na2S2O3.5H2O
Borax or Tincal	Na2B4O7.10H2O
Barytes or Heavy spar or Barium meal	BaSO4
Baryta	Ba(OH)2
Magnesia	MgO
Microcosmic salt	NaNH4HPO4.4H2O
Nitrolium	CaCN2
Hydrolith	CaH2
Fusion mixture	Na2CO3 + K2CO3
Gun powder	KNO3 + K2CO3
Pink salt	(NH4)2SnCl6
Laughing gas or Nitrous oxide	N2O
Red Lead	Pb3O4
Blue vitriol	CuSO4.7H2O
Green vitriol	FeSO4.7H2O
Chinese White	ZnO
Philosopher’s wool	ZnO
Oil of vitiriol	H2SO4
Mohr’s salt or FAS	FeSO4.(NH4)2SO4.6H2O
Lunar caustic	AgNO3
Calomel	Hg2Cl2
Corrosive Sublimate	HgCl2
Potash Alum	K2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O
Chrome Alum	K2SO4.Cr2(SO4)3.24H2O
Ferric Alum	Fe2(SO4)3.(NH4)2SO4.24H2O
Chrome Lemon or Yellow chrome	PbCrO4
Pyrolusite	MnO2
Cementitte or Iron Carbide	Fe2C
Nessler’s reagent	K2HgI4
Lead sugar	(CH3COO)2Pb
White lead	Pb(OH)2.2PbCO3
Rock phosphate	Ca3(PO4)2
Rochelle salt	NaOOCCH(OH)CH(OH)COOK
Flour spar	CaF2
Anhydrone	Mg(ClO4)2
Asbestos	CaMg3(SiO3)4
Sorel’s cement	MgCl2.5HgO.H2O
Lithopone	BaSO4 + ZnS
Witherite	BaSO3
Tough pitch copper	99.5% pure copper
Lead pencil	Graphite (C)
Aqua regia	Conc. HNO3 + Conc. HCl (1:3 ratio)
Ammonium alum	(NH4)2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O
Sodium alum	Na2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O
Prussian blue	Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3
Baking powder	NaHCO3 + Tartaric acid
Plaster of Paris	2CaSO4.H2O
Killed salt or Butter of zinc	ZnCl2.2H2O
Oxymuriate or Butter of Tin	SnCl4.5H2O
Verdigris	Cu(OH)2.CuCO3
Bourdex mixture	CuSO4 (40%) + Lime (60%)
Candy fluid	KMnO4
Per Hydrol	H2O2
White vitriol	ZnSO4.7H2O
Sal ammonic	NH4Cl
Smelling salt	(NH4)2SO4
Fruit salt	Mg(HCO3)2
Calgon	Na2[Na4(PO3)6]
Red chrome	PbCrO4.PbO
Sorel cement	MgCl2.5MgO.xH2O
Silvine	KCl
Alumina	Al2O3
Muriatic acid	HCl
Aqua fortis	HNO3
Silicates	(SiO4)4-
Inorganic graphite	(BN)x
Inorganic benzene	B3N3H6
Boric acid	H3BO3
Indian red	Fe2O3
Indian yellow or Fishcer salt	K3[Co(NO2)6]
Diborane	B2H6
Smuglling agent	Na[Ag(CN)2]
Caro’s acid	H2SO5
Marshells acid	H2S2O7
Tear gas	CCl3.NO2
Ziese salt	K[Pt(η2-C2H4)Cl3]H2O
Vaska’s compound	trans-[Ir(Cl)(CO)(PPh3)2]
Cobalt cene	[Co(η5-C5H5)2]
Magnesia alba (used in tooth powder and tooth paste)	MgCO3.Mg(OH)2.3H2O
Portland cement	Homogeneous mixture of silicates and aluminates of calcium

Important Facts to Remember

Properties	Elements
Lowest electronegativity	Cesium (Cs), Francium (Fr)
Highest electronegativity	Fluorine
Highest ionisation potential	Helium
Lowest ionisation potential	Cs, Fr
Lowest electron affinity	Noble gases
Highest electron affinity	Chlorine
Lowest electropositive element	Fluorine
Lowest melting point metal	Mercury (Hg)
Highest melting and boiling point metal	Tungsten (W)
Lowest melting and boiling point non-metal	Helium
Notorious element	Hydrogen
Lighest element	Hydrogen
Smallest atomic size	Hydrogem
Largest atomic size	Cs
Largest anion	I–
Smallest cation	H+
Most electropositive element	Cs, Fr
Volatile d-block elements	Zn, Cd, Hg
Most stable element	Tellurium
Highest density metal	Osmium (Os), Iridium (Ir)
Highest density non-metal	Boron
Total number of radioactive element in the periodic table	25
Liquid element of radioactive nature	Francium
Element containing no neutron	Hydrogen
Most abundant element on earth	Oxygen
Rarest element on earth	Astatine (At)
Most abundant metal on earth	Aluminium
Metal showing highest oxidation state	Os (+8)
Most electrovalent compound	CsF
Most stable carbonate	Cs2CO3
Strongest alkali	CsOH
Strongest basic oxide	Cs2O
Best electricity conductor among metals	Silver (Ag)
Best electricity conductor among non-metals	Graphite
Elements having maximum tendency for catenation	Carbon
Three most electronegative elements	FON (F > O > N)
Group containning maximum number of gaseous elements in the periodic table	Zero group
Amphoteric non-metal	Silicon (Si)
Liquid non-metal	Bromine (Br)
Element sublime on heating	Iodine (I2)
Noble metals	Au, Ag, Pt
Some polymeric elements	O, S, P
Poorest conductor of electricity	Diamond
Hardest naturally occuring substance	Diamond
Lightest solid metal	Lithium
90% of Sun mass	Hydrogen
Dry bleacher	H2O2
Dry ice	Solid CO2
Element having maximum isotopes	Tin (Sn) (10 isotopes)
Oldest known organic acid	CH3COOH
Total number of solid elements in the periodic table	89
Amphoteric metal	Be, Zn, Al, Sn, Pb
First man made element	Technicium
Smallest period in the periodic table	Period 1 (contains 2 elements)
Largest period in the periodic table	Period 6 (contains 32 elements)
Largest group in the periodic table	Group IIIB
Most abundant d-block metal	Iron (Fe)
Most abundant s-block metal	Calcium (Ca)
Most poisonous element	Plutonium
Element kept in water	Phosphorous
Neutral oxides of non metals	NO, CO, H2O, N2O
Non-metals having metallic lusture	Graphite, Iodine
Heaviest naturally occuring elements	Uranium
Non-metal having highest melting and boiling point	Carbon (Diamond)
Total number of gaseous elements in the periodic table	11 (H, N, O, F, Cl, He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn)
Total number of liquid elements in the periodic table	5 (Ga, Br, Cs, Hg, Fr)
Elements kept in kerosene	Group 1 elements (e.g., Sodium)
Metalloid elements	B, Si, As, Te, At, Ge, Sb, etc.
Amphoteric oxides	BeO, Al2O3, ZnO, PbO, SnO2, Sb2O3, etc.
Artificial explosive	TNT, RDX
Some isomorphous substances	FeSO4.7H2O, MgSO4.7H2O, ZnSO4.7H2O
Some efflorescent substances	Na2CO3.10H2O, MgSO4.7H2O, etc.

Precipitate of Basic Radicals

1. Group I radicals are precipitated in the form of chlorides.

Precipitate	Colour of Precipitate
AgCl, Hg2Cl2, PbCl2	White

2. Group IIA and IIB are precipitated in the form of sulphides.

Precipitate	Colour of Precipitate
HgS, PbS, Bi2S3	Black
CdS, As2S3, SnS2	Yellow
Sb2S3	Orange
SnS	Brown

3. Group III radicals are precipitated in the form of hydroxides.

Precipitate	Colour of Precipitate
Fe(OH)3	Reddish brown
Cr(OH)3	Green
Al(OH)3	Gel white

4. Group IV radicals are precipitated in the form of sulphides.

Precipitate	Colour of Precipitate
MnS	Buff
CoS, NiS	Black
ZnS	White

5. Group V radicals are precipitated in the form of carbonates.

Precipitate	Colour of Precipitate
BaCO3, SrCO3, CaCO3	White

Precipitation Chart

Cation	Anion	Solubility	Exception
Any	HS–, NO3–, NO2–, OCl–, ClO2–, ClO3–, ClO4–, HSO3–, HCO3–, CH3COO–	Yes	ClO4– of NH4+, Rb+, Cs+, K+ are insoluble. AgNO2 is insoluble. CH3COOAg is partially soluble.
Na+	Any	Yes	Na2SiO3 and Na2PbO3 are insoluble.
NH4+, Rb+, Cs+, K+	Any	Yes	ClO4-, [PbCl6]2-, [Co(NO2)6]3- are insoluble.
Any	Cl–, Br–, I–	Yes	Ag+, Cu22+, Pb2+, Hg22+ are insoluble. CuBr2, PbCl2, HgCl2 are soluble in warming and reappear on cooling. HgBr2, HgI2, BiI3 are insoluble.
Any	SO42-	Yes	Ag+, Sr2+,Ba2+, Pb2+, Hg22+, Ca2+, Sn2+ are partially soluble.
Any	O2-, C2O42-, OH–, CO32-, F–, PO43-	No	NH4+, Na+, Rb+, Cs+, K+ are soluble. BeF2, AgF are soluble Oxides and Hydroxides of Ca and Ba are partially soluble.
Any	CN–, OCN–, SCN–, S2-	No	IA, IIA, and Al3+, NH4+ are soluble.
Any	CrO42- (similar to SO42-)	Yes	SrCrO4 is soluble (same as sulphates)
Any	MnO4– (similar to ClO4–)	Yes	KMnO4 is soluble.

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