In this post, you will find the important reactions of p-block elements for class 12. The p-block elements, also known as the main group elements, are located in groups 13 to 18 of the periodic table. These elements play a crucial role in various chemical reactions and display diverse properties due to their electron configurations. One of the important reactions of p-block elements is their ability to form covalent and ionic bonds. For example, elements in group 14, such as carbon and silicon, have the ability to form covalent bonds with other elements. This property allows them to participate in organic chemistry, where they form the backbone of many organic compounds.
Another significant reaction of p-block elements is their tendency to gain or lose electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration. This is particularly observed in the elements of group 17, known as the halogens. These elements, such as fluorine, chlorine, and bromine, readily gain an electron to achieve a stable noble gas configuration. This property makes them highly reactive and useful in various applications, such as in disinfectants and as catalysts.
Furthermore, p-block elements exhibit interesting trends in their chemical and physical properties across the periodic table. As we move down a group, the metallic character of the elements increases. For example, group 13 elements like boron and aluminium show more metallic properties compared to group 14 elements such as carbon and silicon. This variation in properties provides a clear correlation with the atomic structure and helps us understand the behaviour of these elements in different chemical reactions. Overall, studying the reactions of p-block elements is crucial in understanding the fundamental principles of chemistry.
By exploring their covalent and ionic bonding capabilities, electron configuration tendencies, and trends in properties, we can gain valuable insights into the vast realm of chemistry. This knowledge is essential for class 12 students as they delve deeper into the fascinating world of p-block elements.
Note: No reaction will be asked except these 95 reactions in exam.
Conceptual Questions of P-block elements
Reactions are as:
| SNo | Reactions |
|---|---|
| 1. | 3 HNO2 → HNO3 + H2O + 2 NO |
| 2. | NH4Cl + NaNO2 → N2 + 2 H2O + NaCl |
| 3. | (NH4)2Cr2O7 → N2 + 4H2O + Cr2O3 |
| 4. | Ba(N3)2 → Ba + 3 N2 |
| 5. | Li + N2 → Li3N |
| 6. | Mg + N2 → Mg3N2 |
| 7. | N2 + O2 ⇌ 2 NO |
| 8. | N2 + 3 H2 ⇌ 2 NH3 |
| 9. | NaN3 → Na + 3 N2 |
| 10. | NH2CONH2 + 2 H2O → (NH4)2CO3 |
| 11. | (NH4)2CO3 → 2 NH3 + H2O + CO2 |
| 12. | NH4Cl + Ca(OH)2 → 2 NH3 + 2 H2O + CaCl2 |
| 13. | (NH4)2SO4 + 2 NaOH → 2 NH3 + 2 H2O + Na2SO4 |
| 14. | ZnSO4 + 2 NH4OH → Zn(OH)2 + (NH4)2SO4 |
| 15. | FeCl3 + NH4OH → Fe2O3.xH2O (brown ppt.) + NH4Cl |
| 16. | Cu2+ + 4 NH3 → [Cu(NH3)4]2+ (deep blue colouration) |
| 17. | AgCl + 2 NH3 → [Ag(NH3)2]Cl |
| 18. | NaNO3 + H2SO4 → NaHSO4 + HNO3 |
| 19. | 4 NH3 + 5 O2 → 4 NO + 6 H2O |
| 20. | 3 NO2 + H2O → 2 HNO3 + NO |
| 21. | 3 Cu + 8 HNO3 (dil.) → 3 Cu(NO3)2 + 2 NO + 4 H2O |
| 22. | Cu + 4 HNO3 (conc.) → Cu(NO3)2 + 2 NO2 + 2 H2O |
| 23. | 4 Zn + 10 HNO3 (dil.) → 4 Zn(NO3)2 + 5 H2O + N2O |
| 24. | Zn + 4 HNO3 (conc.) → Zn(NO3)2 + 2 H2O + 2 NO2 |
| 25. | I2 + 10 HNO3 → 2 HIO3 + 10 NO2 + 4 H2O |
| 26. | C + HNO3 → CO2 + 2 H2O + 4 NO2 |
| 27. | S8 + 48 HNO3 → 8 H2SO4 + 48 NO2 + 16 H2O |
| 28. | P4 + 20 HNO3 → 4 H3PO4 + 20 NO2 + 4 H2O |
| 29. | P4 + 3 NaOH + 3 H2O → PH3 + 3 NaH2PO2 |
| 30. | P4 + 5 O2 → P4O10 |
| 31. | Ca3P2 + 6 H2O → 3 Ca(OH)2 + 2 PH3 |
| 32. | Ca3P2 + 6 HCl → 3 CaCl2 + 2 PH3 |
| 33. | PH4I + KOH → KI + H2O + PH3 |
| 34. | 3 CuSO4 + 2 PH3 → Cu3P2 + 3 H2SO4 |
| 35. | 3 HgCl2 + 2 PH3 → Hg3P2 + 6 HCl |
| 36. | PH3 + HI → PH4I |
| 37. | P4 + SOCl2 → PCl3 + SO2 + S2Cl2 |
| 38. | PCl3 + 3 H2O → H3PO3 + 3 HCl |
| 39. | P4 + 10 SO2Cl2 → 4 PCl5 + 10 SO2 |
| 40. | PCl5 + H2O → POCl3 + 2 HCl |
| 41. | POCl3 + 3 H2O → H3PO4 + 3 HCl |
| 42. | PCl5 → PCl3 + Cl2 |
| 43. | 2 Ag + PCl5 → 2 AgCl + PCl3 |
| 44. | Sn + 2 PCl5 → SnCl4 + 2 PCl3 |
| 45. | PCl3 + 3 H2O → H3PO3 + 3 HCl |
| 46. | 4 H3PO3 → 3 H3PO4 + PH3 |
| 47. | 4 AgNO3 + 2 H2O + H3PO2 → 4 Ag + 4 HNO3 + H3PO4 |
| 48. | 2 KClO3 → 2KCl + O2 (MnO2 used as a catalyst) |
| 49. | 2 H2O2 → 2 H2O + O2 |
| 50. | ZnS + O2 → ZnO + SO2 |
| 51. | 4 HCl + O2 → 2 Cl2 + 2 H2O |
| 52. | Al2O3 + 6 HCl + 9 H2O → 2 [Al(H2O)6]3+ + 6 Cl– |
| 53. | Al2O3 + 6 NaOH + 3 H2O → 2 Na3[Al(OH)6] |
| 54. | PbS + 4 O3 → PbSO4 + 4 O2 |
| 55. | I– + H2O + O3 → I2 + OH– + O2 |
| 56. | 4 FeS2 + 11 O2 → 2 Fe2O3 + 8 SO2 |
| 57. | 2 NaOH + SO2 → Na2SO3 (white ppt.) + H2O |
| 58. | Na2SO3 + SO2 + H2O → NaHSO3 (colourless) |
| 59. | Ca(OH)2 + SO2 → CaSO3 (white ppt.) + H2O |
| 60. | CaSO3 + SO2 + H2O → Ca(HSO3)2 (colourless) |
| 61. | I2 + 6 H2O + 5 Cl2 → 2 HIO3 + 10 HCl |
| 62. | SO3 + H2SO4 → H2S2O7 |
| 63. | 2 Fe3+ + SO2 + 2 H2O → 2 Fe2+ + SO42- + 4 H+ |
| 64. | 2 MnO4– + SO2 + H2O → 5 Mn2+ + H+ + 2 SO42- |
| 65. | 2 SO2 + O2 → 2 SO3 (V2O5 acts as catalyst) |
| 66. | C12H22O11 → 12 C + 11 H2O (occurs in presence of acid) |
| 67. | Cu + 2 H2SO4 (conc.) → CuSO4 + SO2 + 2 H2O |
| 68. | 3 S + H2SO4 (conc.) → 3 SO2 + 2 H2O |
| 69. | C + H2SO4 (conc.) → CO2 + SO2 + H2O |
| 70. | CaF2 + H2SO4 (conc.) → CaSO4 + 2 HF |
| 71. | 2 F2 + 2 H2O → 4 H+ + 4 F– + O2 |
| 72. | X2 + H2O → HX + HOX (X may be Cl or Br) |
| 73. | 4 I– + 4 H+ + O2 → 2 I2 + 2 H2O |
| 74. | MnO2 + 4 HCl → MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2 H2O |
| 75. | 2 KMnO4 + 16 HCl → 2KCl + 2 MnCl2 + 8 H2O + 5 Cl2 |
| 76. | 8 NH3 + 3 Cl2 → 6 NH4Cl + N2 |
| 77. | Cl2 + 3 F2 (excess) → 2 ClF3 |
| 78. | NH3 + 3 Cl2 (excess) → NCl3 + 3 HCl |
| 79. | 2 NaOH (cold and dil.) + Cl2 → NaCl + NaOCl + H2O |
| 80. | 6 NaOH (hot and conc.) + 3 Cl2 → 5 NaCl + NaClO3 + 3 H2O |
| 81. | Ca(OH)2 + Cl2 → CaCl2 + Ca(OCl)2 + H2O |
| 82. | Au + 4H+ + NO3– + 4 Cl– → AuCl4– + NO + 2 H2O |
| 83. | Pt + 16 H+ + 4 NO3– + 18 Cl– → 3 PtCl62- + 4 NO + 8 H2O |
| 84. | XeF2 + H2O → Xe + HF + O2 |
| 85. | 6 XeF4 + 12 H2O → 4 Xe + 2 XeO3 + 24 HF + 3 O2 |
| 86. | XeF6 + H2O → XeOF4 + 2 HF |
| 87. | XeF6 + 2 H2O → XeO2F2 + 4 HF |
| 88. | XeF6 + 3 H2O → XeO3 + 6 HF |
| 89. | XeF4 + O2F2 → XeF6 + O2 |
| 90. | Xe + PtF6 → Xe+[PtF6]– |
| 91. | XeF2 + PF5 → [XeF]+[PF6]– |
| 92. | XeF4 + SbF5 → [XeF3]+[SbF6]– |
| 93. | XeF6 + MF → M+[XeF7]– (M may Na, K, Rb or Cs) |
| 94. | 2 HNO3 → H2O + N2O5 |
| 95. | P4 + 10 Cl2 → 4 PCl5 |