This post includes the most important chemical reactions of Chemistry section which help you to excel in your exams. The reactions are mentioned chapterwise.
Chemical Reactions and Equations
1. Pb(NO3)2 + 2 KI → PbI2 + 2KNO3
PbI2 is yellow precipitate formed. This reaction is double displacement reaction or precipitation reaction.
2. CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2 + Heat
In this reaction, a very large amount of heat is evolved. It is called as exothermic reaction.
3. CO + 2 H2 → CH3OH
Conditions for the reaction are 300 atm, 300 oC, ZnO+CrO3 catalyst (to be written on the arrow).
4. Ca(OH)2 + CO2 → CaCO3 + H2O
5. FeSO4.7H2O + Heat →FeSO4 + 7H2O
6. 2 FeSO4 + Heat → Fe2O3 + SO2 + SO3
7. 2 Pb(NO3)2 + Heat → 2 PbO + 4 NO2 + O2
PbO is black in colour.
8. 2 AgCl → 2 Ag + Cl2
This reaction occurs in presence of sunlight. It is photocatalytic decomposition, used in black and white photography.
9. Fe + CuSO4 → FeSO4 + Cu
10. Na2SO4 + BaCl2 → BaSO4 + 2 NaCl
BaSO4 is white precipitate formed.
11. 2 Cu + CO2 + O2 + H2O → CuCO3.Cu(OH)2
Acids, Bases and Salts
1. 2 NaOH + Zn → Na2ZnO2 + H2
Na2ZnO2 is sodium zincate.
2. Na2CO3 + HCl → NaCl + H2O + CO2
3. Ca(OH)2 + CO2 → CaCO3 + H2O
When CO2 is passed through lime water, it turns milky due to the formation of white precipitate of CaCO3.
4. CaCO3 + CO2 + H2O → Ca(HCO3)2
When more amount of CO2 is passed through that milky solution, then it turns colourless as the white precipitate get dissolved because of formation of Ca(HCO3)2, which is colourless.
5. CuO + 2 HCl → CuCl2 + H2O
6. 2 NaCl + 2 H2O → 2 NaOH + Cl2 + H2
7. Ca(OH)2 + Cl2 → CaOCl2 + H2O
CaOCl2 is calcium oxychloride which is also known as bleaching powder.
8. NaCl + H2O + CO2 + NH3 → NH4Cl + NaHCO3
NaHCO3 is also known as baking soda.
9. 2 NaHCO3 + Heat → Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2
Na2CO3 is called as soda ash.
10. Na2CO3 + 10 H2O → Na2CO3.10H2O
Na2CO3.10H2O is called as washing soda.
11. CaSO4.1/2H2O + 3/2 H2O → CaSO4.2H2O
CaSO4.1/2H2O is called as plaster of paris and CaSO4.2H2O is called as gypsum.
Read more: Carbon and its Compound: Short Notes
Metals and Non-metals
1. 4 Na + O2 → 2 Na2O
2. Na2O + H2O → 2 NaOH
3. MgO + H2O → Mg(OH)2
4. 4 Al + 3 O2 → Al2O3
5. Al2O3 + 6 HCl → 2 AlCl3 + 3H2O
6. ZnO + 2NaOH → Na2ZnO2 + H2O
7. Metal + Dilute acid → Metal salt + Hydrogen gas
8. 2 Na + 2 HCl → 2 NaCl + H2
9. 2 Na + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + H2
10. 2 Al + 3 H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 3 H2
11. Metal Carbonate → Metal oxide + CO2
12. Metal oxide + Carbon → Metal + Carbon monoxide
13. 2 K + 2 H2O → 2 KOH + H2 + Heat
14. 2 Al + 3 H2O → Al2O3 + 3 H2
Carbon and Its Compounds
1. Combustion reaction:
C + O2 → CO2 + Heat and Light
CH4 + 2 O2 → CO2 + 2 H2O + Heat and Light
Hydrocarbon + O2 → CO2 + H2O + Heat and Light
2. Oxidation reaction:
CH3CH2OH + alkaline KMnO4 or acidified K2Cr2O7 → CH3COOH
3. Addition reaction:
H2C=CH2 + H2 (Nickel catalyst) → H3C-CH3
Ethene on reaction with hydrogen in presence of nickel catalyst produces ethane.
4. Substitution reaction:
CH4 + Cl2 + Sunlight → CH3Cl + HCl
5. Reaction of ethanol with sodium metal:
2CH3CH2OH + 2 Na → 2 CH3CH2ONa + H2
6. Dehydration of ethanol:
CH3CH2OH + conc H2SO4 → H2C=CH2 + H2O
7. Esterification reaction:
CH3COOH + CH3CH2OH → CH3COOCH2CH3 + H2O
8. Hydrolysis of ester:
CH3COOCH2CH3 + NaOH → CH3COONa + CH3CH2OH
9. Reaction of ethanoic acid with sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate:
2 CH3COOH + Na2CO3 → 2 CH3COONa + CO2 + H2O
CH3COOH + NaHCO3 → CH3COONa + CO2 + H2O
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